a) What proportions of passes were completed?
b) How does this compare with what “should have happened” theoretically?"
First, take 100 numbers, i.e. from 00 to 99, and set that the first 54% are completed passes, therefore from 00 to 53, and the remaining 46% are not completed passes, therefore from 54 to 99.
Now, divide the random digits until you compose 20 numbers: 98, 72, 61, 09, 83, 56, 23, 94, 20, 42, 76, 52, 06, 82, 76, 58, 23, 94, 87, 29.
Then, divide the numbers into the two set categories:
completed: 09, 23, 20, 42, 52, 06, 23, 94, 87 = 9 outcomes
not completed: 98, 72, 61, 83, 56, 94, 76, 82, 76, 58, 29 = 11 outcomes
A) Therefore, from the random digits you get 9/20 = 45% of completed passes and 11/20 = 55% of not completed passes.
B) Using the random digits, the simulation gave an outcome exactly opposite to what we expected.
