Answer: The correct answer is option 3.
Explanation: There are three types of particles that are emitted when a radioisotope undergo decay process:
1. Alpha particle: This particle is emitted when a radioisotope undergoes alpha decay process. The charge on the particle is +2 and mass number is 4.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-2}^{A-4}\textrm{Y}+_2^4\alpha[/tex]
2. Beta-particle: This particle is emitted when a radioisotope undergoes beta-minus decay process. The charge on the particle is -1 and mass number is 0.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^{A}\textrm{Y}+_{-1}^0\beta[/tex]
3. Positron particle: This particle is emitted when a radioisotope undergoes beta-plus decay process. The charge on the particle is +1 and mass number is 0.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-1}^{A}\textrm{Y}+_{+1}^0\beta[/tex]
For the given options undergoing decay processes:
Option 1:
[tex]_1^3\textrm{H}\rightarrow _{2}^{3}\textrm{He}+_{-1}^0\beta[/tex]
It emits beta-particle.
Option 2:
[tex]_7^{16}\textrm{N}\rightarrow _{8}^{16}\textrm{O}+_{-1}^0\beta[/tex]
It emits beta-particle.
Option 3:
[tex]_{10}^{19}\textrm{Ne}\rightarrow _{9}^{19}\textrm{F}+_{+1}^0\beta[/tex]
It emits positron-particle.
Option 4:
[tex]_{94}^{239}\textrm{Pu}\rightarrow _{92}^{235}\textrm{U}+_2^4\alpha[/tex]
It emits alpha particle.
Hence, the correct option is Option 3.
The radioactive isotope of the element with unstable energy in the nucleus is called a radioisotope. Neon with atomic mass 19 particle has charge +1 and mass 0.
When a radioactive element undergoes decay they emit some types of particles like alpha, beta, or positron particles. The alpha particle has a +2 charge and a mass number of 4.
The beta particle has a -1 charge and a mass number of 0, while the positron has a particle charge of +1 and a mass number of 0.
In the decay of the Neon element, the positron is emitted can be shown as:
[tex]\rm ^{19}_{10}Ne \rightarrow ^{19}_{9}F + ^{0}_{+1}\beta[/tex]
Therefore, option 3.[tex]\rm ^{19}Ne[/tex] atom emits positron particle.
Learn more about radioisotopes here:
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