Principal cells absorb sodium and release potassium into the lumen in response to aldosterone. Potassium ions and hydrogen ions are exchanged in alpha-intercalated cells, which are found in the collecting duct and late distal tubule. The potassium is absorbed while hydrogen is excreted into the lumen.
Aldosterone is a hormone that affects the kidney's tubules to increase sodium and water absorption into the blood; this chemical is directly linked to decreased urine production. The juxtaglomerular cells change prorenin to renin when the blood flow to the kidneys is decreased. Angiotensinogen becomes angiotensin I as a result.
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