Consider the society/country you live in, or another other country with which you are familiar. Evaluate

that country according to substantive and procedural fairness, and consider which aspects of fairness you

would prioritise.

(a). To make the country fairer (according to the substantive judgement of fairness),

(i). do you prefer greater equality of income, happiness, or freedom? Why? [10]

(ii). Is there a trade-off between these aspects? [10]

(b). Are there other things that should be more equal to achieve a greater substantive fairness in your

country? {Hint: Discuss any or a combination of indicators of substantive fairness such as wealth,

health outcomes, and education outcomes} [15]

(c). How fair is your country, according to the procedural judgement of fairness? {Hint: Discuss the

rules rather than the allocation, e.g., is there equal opportunity of economic advantage}

Substantive fairness promotes social, economic and political well-being in a society, being essential for the establishment of a strong and well-established society. This type of justice can be associated with several different aspects. Among which, we can mention the national income distribution as one of the most important.

This is because the distribution of income, when done fairly, prevents a part of the population from having their needs met, or from having them met inefficiently, promoting unhappiness and often lack of freedom. Because while the country's wealth is maintained by a small group in the population, most of society will suffer from several unfortunate events due to the lack of economic resources.

Countries in South America, for example, have several problems with the unequal distribution of income. This causes several humanitarian problems and even promotes political problems, raising facist governments, infrastructure problems and others.

In this case, it is important that policies are established to reorganize the distribution of national income and reduce the accumulation of wealth, so that substantive justice in relation to income is established.