Answer:
1. Horizontal component = -3 units
Vertical component = -4 units
2. Horizontal component = 3 units
Vertical component = 4 units
Step-by-step explanation:
If a vector M, starting at point A = (a, b) and ending at point B = (c, d) is given, then the vector can be resolved into x and y components as follows;
M = AB
Where;
AB = B - A
AB = (a, b) - (c, d)
AB = (a-c, b-d)
AB = (a-c)i + (b-d)k
Therefore, a-c and b-d are the x and y components of the vector M.
(1) Let the vector be M:
Starting point of M = Q = (4, 6)
Ending point of M = P = (1, 2)
So,
M = PQ
Where;
PQ = Q - P
PQ = (1,2) - (4,6)
PQ = (1-4, 2-6)
PQ = (-3, -4)
Therefore,
M = PQ = -3i - 4j
The x and y components of M are therefore, -3 and -4 respectively.
(2) Let the vector be M:
Starting point of M = P = (1, 2)
Ending point of M = Q = (4, 6)
So,
M = PQ
Where;
PQ = Q - P
PQ = (4,6) - (1,2)
PQ = (4-1, 6-2)
PQ = (3, 4)
Therefore,
M = PQ = 3i + 4j
The x and y components of M are therefore, 3 and 4 respectively.
Note: The x and y components are also called the horizontal and vertical components respectively.
