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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) This treaty, signed on February 2, 1848, ended the war between the United States and Mexico. By its terms, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, including parts of present-day Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States.
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Mexico was forced to recognize the Rio Grande as Texas's southern border and to recognize Texas's annexation to the United States. Mexico also had to give up the territories of New Mexico and California. In return, the United States paid $15,000,000 for these territories and agreed to assume Mexican war debts to United States citizens in Texas totaling $3,500,000. The Treaty was ratified by the United States Senate after a bitter debate.
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