Calcium will form [tex]{\mathbf{C}}{{\mathbf{a}}^{{\mathbf{2 + }}}}[/tex] while oxygen becomes [tex]{{\mathbf{O}}^{\mathbf{2}}}^{\mathbf{ - }}[/tex]. For electron dots, refer to the attached image.
Further explanation:
Chemical bond:
The attraction between atoms, molecules or ions that is responsible for the formation of chemical compounds is known as a chemical bond. It is formed either due to electrostatic forces or by the sharing of electrons. There are many strong bonds such as ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds while some weak bonds like dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding also exist.
Ionic compound:
As the name suggests, these compounds have ions as their constituent particles. Out of two bonded atoms, one forms cation by the loss of electrons while other become anion by the gain of electrons.
Properties of ionic compounds:
1. Hard solids
2. High melting and boiling points.
3. Good conductors of heat and electricity.
4. High enthalpy of fusion.
The octet rule is the rule in accordance with which the elements have the tendency to bond with other elements and acquire eight electrons in their valence shells. This results in achieving a stable noble gas configuration.
The atomic number of Ca is 20 and its electronic configuration is [tex]\left[ {{\text{Ar}}} \right]{\text{4}}{s^2}[/tex]. This indicates it has two valence electrons in it. The atomic number of O is 8 and its electronic configuration is [tex]\left[ {{\text{He}}} \right]{\text{2}}{s^2}{\text{2}}{p^4}[/tex]. This indicates it has 6 valence electrons in it. In order to fulfill their respective octets, calcium loses its two electrons and these are gained by oxygen. As a result, Ca gets converted to [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{a}}^{2 + }}[/tex] and O becomes [tex]{{\text{O}}^{2 - }}[/tex].
The formation of cation occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{Ca}}\to{\text{C}}{{\text{a}}^{2+}}+2{e^-}[/tex]
The formation of anion occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{O}}+{\text{2}}{{\text{e}}^-}\to{{\text{O}}^{2-}}[/tex]
The overall chemical reaction for the formation of the ionic compound is as follows:
[tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{a}}^{2+}}+{{\text{O}}^2}^-\to{\text{CaO}}[/tex]
For electron dot structures, refer to the attached image.
Learn more:
1. Identification of ionic bonding: https://brainly.com/question/1603987
2. What type of bond exists between phosphorus and chlorine? https://brainly.com/question/81715
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Ionic and covalent compounds
Keywords: ionic compounds, hard solids, electron dot, Ca, O, Ca2+, O2-, CaO, 2e-, 20, 8, 6 valence electrons, 2 valence electrons.
